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External thermal insulation composite system with foamed polypropylene boards
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| ATLAS HOTER is a thermal insulation system of buildings, a corporate version of the method included in guidelines of the Building Research Institute no. 334/2002 – “Jointless thermal insulation system of external building walls.” It consists in fixing thermals insulation made of foamed polystyrene boards to external surfaces of building walls and preparation of a reinforced layer, a plaster coating and, optionally, a paint coating on the insulation. The system can be applied on new or existing external surfaces. ATLAS HOTER system with foamed polystyrene boards max. 250 mm thick is classified as not spreading fire (NRO).
Thermal insulation
In case of ATLAS HOTER system, the thermal insulation comprises of seasoned self-extinguishing polystyrene boards EPS 70-040 or EPS 100-038. If the base, ground floor and, in particular, the underground part of the building is insulated, use extruded polystyrene boards for the thermal insulation layer. Thermal insulation thickness should be selected individually for each wall in the building, among others, on the basis of overall heat-transfer coefficient Uk. It should comply with thermal protection requirements of partitions specified in applicable technical regulations which buildings and their location should comply with. |
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Method of preparation
Moreover, carry out all work in accordance with information included in the technical project of the thermal insulation, guidelines of the Building Research Institute of no. 334/2002, Technical Sheets of individual system components and other ATLAS technical instructions. The technical project should be individually developed for each building and comply with all requirements of applicable legal requirements and standards, in particular regarding partition insulation, energy requirements, structural safety and fire safety.
Substrate preparation
ATLAS HOTER system can be used to insulate plastered or not plastered solid concrete walls as well as walls made of bricks, aerated concrete blocks, concrete and structural clay tiles. The substrate should be even, structurally sound and free from anything that may impede mortar adhesion. Hammer off loose or flaking elements and fill in defects using materials recommended for that purpose e.g. ATLAS PLASTERING MIX, ATLAS LEVELLING MORTAR. Wash off under pressure or scrape off the remainder of poorly adhering paint coats. In case of weak, dusty or highly absorptive substrates, prime using ATLAS UNI-GRUNT.
Foamed polystyrene board fixing
Begin with fixing a skirting board on the wall. It ensures level maintenance in case of the first and successive layers of foamed polystyrene boards and reinforces the lower system edge. It should be fixed on the base of the building not lower than 30 cm under the ground level. This distance ensures system protection from capillary moisture and secures the plaster coating from dirt such as mud caused by raindrops falling on pavement or ground. Skirting boards can be replaced by reinforcing mesh or two layers of glass fibre mesh.
When the skirting board is fixed, begin application of the thermal insulation. Fix the first row of boards on the basis of the initial board. Place successive boards alternatively. This is applicable on the wall surface and in building corners. The main component that fixes foamed polystyrene to the substrate is ATLAS HOTER S adhesive. It is applied on boards using the “strip-point” method. The circumferential block located along board edges should be at least 3 cm wide. Evenly distribute 6÷8 patches of 8÷12 cm in diameter on the remaining surface. The mortar applied should cover at least 40% of board surface. Place the board on the substrate and press it down the substrate immediately after mortar application. In some cases, use ca. 4÷5 plastic fasteners for 1 m2. Use mechanical fasteners in corners of buildings or in case of foamed polystyrene that is more than 15 cm thick. Additional mechanical fixing is required if thermal insulation of buildings is more than 12 m high or if load capacity of the substrate is low and difficult to determine. Details as to the quantity, type and length of fasteners and their arrangement should be included in the thermal insulation project. Begin additional fixing of the thermal insulation using mechanical fasteners not earlier than 1 day after board fixing. The anchoring depth of additional fixing elements in the structural wall layer made of solid materials should be min. 6 cm. In case of cavity bricks, structural clay tiles or cellular concrete blocks, fasteners need to be anchored min. 9 cm.
Reinforced layer preparation
To improve resistance of the thermal insulation layer to mechanical damage, before setting in the mesh, apply ATLAS aluminium corner boards on all vertical building quoins as well as door and window casings. Begin preparation of the reinforced layer not earlier than 3 days after board fixing. The reinforced layer consists of a glass fibre mesh set in ATLAS HOTER U. The mesh recommended for ATLAS HOTER system is characterised by appropriate mechanical strength, regular and durable braid, and resistance to alkali. Start the reinforced layer from grinding possible irregularities of foamed polystyrene boards. Then, apply a layer of ATLAS HOTER U adhesive and distribute it evenly on the surface using a notched float. Set previously cut mesh strip in the mortar. It is convenient to first press the mesh into the mix only in a few places and then set in the whole strip using a notched float. If the mesh is set correctly, it is not visible under the adhesive. The reinforced layer has to be continuous i.e. successive mesh strips should overlap min. 10 cm, whereas overlaps in quoins should be min. 15 cm. Mesh overlaps cannot correspond with joints between foamed polystyrene boards. Reinforce wall surfaces near the contact places of vertical and horizontal quoins of window openings and doorways by setting in additional mesh strips askew. Finally, smooth the reinforced layer using a float made of metal. The work has to be very careful not only due to structural reasons, but also because of layer appearance. If there are any irregularities after smoothing, grind them off. Due to small thickness of the plaster coating (1.5 mm, 2 mm and 3 mm), any irregularities in the reinforced layer may prevent correct plaster coating preparation.
Primer preparation
Regardless of the type of ATLAS thin-layer plaster applied on the thermal insulation, prepare a priming layer made of priming mass on the reinforced layer. The priming coat should be appropriate for a given render type: ATLAS CERPLAST mineral and acrylic renders, ATLAS SILKAT ASX silicate renders, ATLAS SILKON ANX silicone renders. The priming coat will prevent any contamination of adhesives from reaching the render layer, reinforce the substrate and increase plaster adhesion to the substrate. Moreover, priming coats may serve as temporary protective layers of the reinforced layer (before plaster is applied) for up to six months from their preparation.
Render coating preparation
To prepare plaster coating, use ATLAS CERMIT SN, SN-MAL, DR mineral renders, CERMIT N or R acrylic renders, ATLAS SILKAT N or R silicate renders, and ATLAS SILKON N or R silicone renders. All the mortars and mixes are thin-layer renders of aggregate grain size from 1.5 mm to 3.0 mm (depending on render type). Their colours are shown in the NEW ATLAS COLOUR PALETTE containing almost 700 items. The plaster should be selected on the basis of, among others, thermal-humid calculations for wall thermal insulation and conditions of thermal insulation system utilisation.
List of Atlas products for ATLAS HOTER performance with use of different methods of application:
Primary fixing: ATLAS HOTER S adhesive
Thermal insulation: self-extinguishing foamed polystyrene boards EPS 70-040 or EPS 100-038, in accordance with PN-EN 13163:2004
Reinforced layer: glass fibre mesh set in ATLAS HOTER U mortar
Finish:
Variant 1
Prime coat: ATLAS CERPLAST.
Render: ATLAS CERMIT SN, DR mineral renders
Variant 2
Prime coat: ATLAS CERPLAST. Render: mineral mortars
ATLAS CERMIT SN, SN-MAL, DR. Paint: acrylic
ATLAS ARKOL E, silicate ATLAS ARKOL S or
silicone ATLAS ARKOL N
Variant 3
Prime coat: ATLAS CERPLAST. Render: acrylic ATLAS
CERMIT N or R
Variant 4
Prime coat: ATLAS CERPLAST. Render: acrylic ATLAS
CERMIT N or R. Paint: acrylic ATLAS ARKOL E
Variant 5
Prime coat: ATLAS SILKAT ASX. Render: silicate ATLAS
SILKAT N or R
Variant 6
Prime coat: ATLAS SILKAT ASX. Render: silicate ATLAS
SILKAT N or R. Paint: silicate ATLAS ARKOL S
Variant 7
Prime coat: ATLAS SILKON ANX. Render: silicone ATLAS
SILKON N or R
Variant 8
Prime coat: ATLAS SILKON ANX. Render: silicone ATLAS
SILKON N or R. Paint: silicone ATLAS ARKOL N |
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| The system has been given Technical Approval no. AT-15-6502/2004 by the Building Research Institute and Certificate of Conformity no. 0882/W by the Building Research Institute |
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